Fiber Optic Wiki

Ethernet

Ethernet was designed by Bob Metcalfe in 1973, it is a standard communications protocol embedded in software and hardware devices, intended for building a local area network (LAN). Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. Specified in a standard, IEEE 802.3, Ethernet was originally developed by Xerox from an earlier specification called Alohanet (for the Palo Alto Research Center Aloha network) and then developed further by Xerox, DEC, and Intel. It includes Standard Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet and 40/100 Gigabit Ethernet.

What is RJ45 Interface?

Introduction

RJ45 is a standard type of connector for network cables, which is usually used for data transmission. RJ45 connectors are most common applications for Ethernet cables and networks.

MM

Multi-mode optical fiber
Multi-mode optical fiber (multimode fiber or MM fiber or fibre) is a type of optical fiber mostly used for communication over short distances, such as within a building or on a campus. Typical multimode links have data rates of 10 Mbit/s to 10 Gbit/s over link lengths of up to 600 meters-more than sufficient for the majority of premises applications.

SGMII SFP

The Serial Gigabit Media Independent Interface (SGMII) is a sequel of MII, a standard interface used to connect an Ethernet MAC-block to a PHY. It is used for Gigabit Ethernet(contrary to Ethernet 10/100 for MII). It differs from GMII by its low-power and low pin count serial interface (commonly referred to as a SerDes). To carry frame data and link rate information between a 10/100/1000 PHY and an Ethernet MAC, SGMII uses a differential pair for data signals and for clocking signals, with both being present in each direction (i.e., transmit and receive), giving 8 signal lines in total.

SM

Single-mode optical fiber
In fiber-optic communication, a single-mode optical fiber (SMF) (monomode optical fiber, single-mode optical waveguide, or unimode fiber) is an optical fiber designed to carry only a single ray of light (mode). Modes are the possible solutions of the Helmholtz equation for waves, which is obtained by combining Maxwell's equations and the boundary conditions. These modes define the way the wave travels through space, i.e. how the wave is distributed in space. Waves can have the same mode but have different frequencies. This is the case in single-mode fibers, where we can have waves with different frequencies, but of the same mode, which means that they are distributed in space in the same way, and that gives us a single ray of light. Although the ray travels parallel to the length of the fiber, it is often called transverse mode since its electromagnetic vibrations occur perpendicular (transverse) to the length of the fiber. The 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Charles K. Kao for his theoretical work on the single-mode optical fiber.

What is the difference of SFP+, SFP and XFP?

The 10G module has been developed from 300Pin. XENPAK, X2, XFP and finally achieve with the same size as SFP which can transmit 10G signals called SFP+.